Here are the 1990 official and adjusted figures tabulated for five racial categories, and also tabulated for Hispanic and Non-Hispanic categories.  Note that each of the two tabulations adds up to the total population.

                      Official 90    Adjusted90 % Undercount in Official 90

Total Pop.                    1,203,789        1,265,771        5.15%

White Race                    430,077            438,634        1.99%
Black Race                    449,399             482,973        7.47%
Amer.Ind.Race                  6,069                 6,240        2.82%
Asian Race                      35,562               37,331         4.97%
Other Race                    282,682            300,593         6.34%

All Hispanics                  523,111            558,107        6.69%
Non-Hisp.White             272,503            270,842        -.61%  (overcount)
Non-Hisp.Black             369,113            396,191        7.34%
Non-Hisp.Others             39,062              40,631        4.02%

The Other Race category in the upper group includes those who do not wish to identify themselves with the four "traditional" races indicated.  In the lower group, the category "non-Hispanic others" includes such people, but also the non-Hispanics who identify their race as Asian, Pacific Islander, or American Indian.   More than 31,000 of the 39,062 identify themselves as non-Hispanic Asians, and, in fact, the number of non-Hispanics that would correspond to "Other Race" in the upper group is fewer than 5,000.

B.  Problems with "Other Race" and Traditional Racial Designations Over the Past Decade

We can subtract non-Hispanic Whites from all Whites to get the number of Hispanics who identify themselves as "Whites."  We can do the same for Blacks.  And for "other race,"  we can subtract the 5,000 mentioned in the last paragraph from 282,682, and we note that over 275,000 Bronx Hispanics, a clear majority, refuse to consider themselves White or Black.  But according to the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program (PEP), most Hispanics in the US as a whole consider themselves White.  Because of this, the national estimates from PEP omit the "Hispanic Other" category and fold  most Hispanics who identify themsleves as "other race" into the Hispanic White population, with a small fraction included in the "Hispanic Black" category.  Such procedures may work in the US as a whole, but they do not reflect reality in The Bronx, and so we must be careful in interpreting these recent population estimates.

We must emphasize that the main questions about ACS99 revolve around the special way Hispanics in The Bronx define their own racial identification.  The overall Hispanic population figure does not seem to be in dispute.  We can see the point in a table comparing ACS99 and 1999 Population Estimates.  As a benchmark, the 1990 official counts are also included.  The first four rows below show a good fit between the ACS99 and the 1999 Population Estimates.  But in the last six rows, we see the dramatic consequences of not realistically dealing with local Hispanic racial identities.
 

Paradoxically, both ACS99 and the 1999 Population Estimates failed to anticipate the population increase for The Bronx over the past decade.  And the categories combining race and Hispanic identity show inconsistencies between ACS and Population Estimates.  The 2000 data released in March, 2001 shows that both ACS99 and Population Estimates were far off the mark for many racial-ethnic categories in The Bronx.  The dominant position of Puerto Ricans and Dominicans, with  their special notions of community and identity, may help explain the discrepancies.
 
 

                                      1990 100%              1999                1999                   2000 Official
BRONX POP                                 COUNT               ACS         POP EST

TOTAL POP                                1,203,789        1,194,099        1,194,099                   1,332,650
ALL WHITES+ALL "OTHER"       712,759            634,287           631,778
ALL BLACKS                                449,399           509,474            505,013                       475,007
ALL HISPANICS                           523,111           578,691            580,662                        644,705

ALL WHITES                                 430,077           272,165           631,778                       398,003
NON-HISP. WHITES                      272,503           129,743            219,921                       193,651
NON-HISP. BLACKS                      369,113           437,135            348,744                      416,338
HISP. WHITES                               157,574           142,422            411,857                       204,352
HISP. BLACKS                                80,286             72,339            156,269                        58,669
HISP. "OTHER"                               278,275           354,191            ---------                       320,000
 

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